Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ukutshaya kunempembelelo enkulu kuxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukutshaya kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo lwegazi. Emva kokutshaya i-cigarette, isantya sentliziyo sanda ngamaxesha angama-5 ukuya kuma-20 ngomzuzu, kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic lwanda nge-10 ukuya kwi-25 mmHg.
Kwizigulane ezinganyangekiyo ezine-hypertension, i-systolic yeeyure ze-24 kunye ne-diastolic ye-diastolic ye-blood pressure yabantu ababhemayo iphezulu kuneyabantu abangatshayiyo, ngakumbi uxinzelelo lwegazi lwasebusuku luphezulu kakhulu kunolo lwabangatshayiyo, kwaye ukunyuka kwexinzelelo lwegazi ebusuku kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yasekhohlo, oko kukuthi, ukutshaya kuya kubangela ukunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye nentliziyo.
Kuba icuba kunye neti zinenikotini, ekwabizwa ngokuba yinikotini, enokubangela imithambo-luvo ephakathi kunye novelwano ukukhawulezisa ukubetha kwentliziyo. Ngelo xesha, iphinda ikhuthaze i-adrenal gland ukuba ikhuphe inani elikhulu le-catecholamines, eyenza i-contract arterioles, ekhokelela ekunyuseni kwengcinezelo yegazi. Inikotini inokuvuselela ii-receptors zemichiza kwimithambo yegazi kwaye ibangele ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi.
Ukuba abantu abanoxinzelelo lwegazi bayaqhubeka betshaya, kuya kwenza ingozi enkulu. Ngenxa yokuba ukutshaya kunokubangela ngokuthe ngqo umonakalo we-vascular, oku kuye kwaqinisekiswa ngokucacileyo kwizifundo zeklinikhi. Ukutshaya kuya kubangela i-arterial intima ngenxa ye-nicotine, i-tar kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi kwicuba, oko kukuthi, kuya kubakho umonakalo kwi-intima ye-arterial. Ngomonakalo we-intima ye-arterial, i-atherosclerotic plaque iya kwenziwa. Emva kokwakhiwa ngokuqhubekayo kwezilonda ezisasazekayo, kuya kuchaphazela ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokuphumla kwemithambo yegazi eqhelekileyo. Ukuba isigulane sinoxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye sinomkhwa wokutshaya, kuya kukhawuleza inkqubela phambili ye-atherosclerosis.
Ukutshaya kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi zombini yimiba ebalulekileyo yengozi kwi-cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Emva kokuba i-atherosclerotic plaque iqhubela phambili, i-vascular stenosis iya kubonakala kakhulu, ibangele ukubonelelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo kumalungu ahambelanayo. Owona monakalo mkhulu yi-atherosclerotic plaque, enokukhokelela ekuweni kwe-plaque engazinzanga, okukhokelela kwiziganeko ezibukhali ze-thrombotic, ezifana ne-cerebral infarction kunye ne-myocardial infarction. Ukutshaya kuya kuba nefuthe kwi-hypertension, kuba kuya kuchaphazela ukuphumla kunye nokuxinana kwemithambo yegazi, okwenza kube nzima ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokunyuka okubukhali kwigazi. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba izigulane ezinoxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokutshaya kufuneka zizame ukuyeka ukutshaya.
Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ugqibe kwelokuba uchonge umhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kuCanzibe rhoqo ngonyaka njengoSuku lweCuba lwehlabathi, kwaye iChina nayo iluthatha olu suku njengosuku lwaseTshayina olungaqhubi kwecuba. Olu suku lokungatshaywa lujolise ekukhumbuzeni ihlabathi ukuba ukutshaya kuyingozi empilweni, ukubiza abantu abatshayayo kwihlabathi lonke ukuba bayeke ukutshaya, kwaye bacele bonke abavelisi becuba, abathengisi kunye noluntu lonke lwezizwe ngezizwe ukuba luthelele kwiphulo lokuchasa ukutshaya ukuze kudalwe imeko-bume engenacuba kuluntu.
Okwangoku, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngakumbi ukujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ngoku izixhobo ezininzi zonyango zasekhaya ezinoyilo olulula kunye nokusetyenziswa okulula zingena ngokuthe ngcembe kumawaka ezindlu. Imonitha yoxinzelelo lwegazi yedijithali yekhaya iya kuba lolona khetho lungcono kuwe lokukhathalela impilo yakho.
