Aduruyɛfo bi reyɛ ɔkwantufo bi scan sɛ ebia atiridii ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ Sultan Iskandar Muda Amanaman Ntam Wimhyɛn Gyinabea a wɔba no wɔ Aceh Besar, Indonesia, wɔ January 27.
Sɛ woatu kwan akɔ amanaman ntam asram 2 a atwam no a, ebia woahyia wɔn: akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo a wɔde tuo a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo ho yɛ hyew kyerɛ wo moma so bere tiaa bi anaasɛ wɔrehwɛ bere a woretwam akɔhwɛ sɛ ebia ɔfe anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome.Mprempren aman pii rehwɛ wimhyɛn mu akwantufo a ebia wɔreba ne wɔn a wɔrefi hɔ a ebia wɔanya ɔyare mmoawa COVID-19;ebinom hwehwɛ sɛ akwantufo hyehyɛ akwahosan ho mpaemuka.(Ebinom nso bara wɔn a wɔakɔ mmeae a ɔyare mmoawa no ayɛ hyew nnansa yi no anaasɛ wɔde wɔn sie kɛkɛ.)
Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so fi adi ne nea wɔhyɛn mu no yɛ nea ɛma awerɛhyem, nanso osuahu a wɔanya wɔ nyarewa afoforo ho no kyerɛ sɛ ɛntaa nsi koraa sɛ wɔn a wɔhwehwɛ mu no behu akwantufo a wɔanya ɔyare no.Dapɛn a etwaam no ara mu no, akwantufo baawɔtwe a akyiri yi wɔhwehwɛɛ mu sɛ wɔwɔ COVID-19 fii Italy baa Shanghai na wɔtwam wɔ wimhyɛn gyinabea nhwehwɛmufo no ho a wɔanhu, sɛ nhwɛso no.Na sɛ wɔn a wɔhwehwɛ yare no mu hu sɛ ɛba bere ne bere mu mpo a, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ennya sɛnea ɔyare no kɔ so no so nkɛntɛnso biara.
'Awiei koraa no, nneɛma a wɔde asi wɔn ani so sɛ wɔbɛkyere ɔyare mmoawa wɔ akwantufo mu no bɛma mpɔtam hɔ ɔyaredɔm bi akyɛ na ɛrensiw ano,' Ben Cowling, ɔyaredɔm ho ɔbenfo wɔ Hong Kong Sukuupɔn mu ka.Ɔne afoforo ka sɛ wɔtaa hyehyɛ nhwehwɛmu de kyerɛ sɛ aban bi reyɛ ho biribi, sɛ nkɛntɛnso no sua mpo a.
Nanso, nhwehwɛmufo ka sɛ, mfaso betumi aba so.Sɛ wɔhwehwɛ akwantufo mu na wobisabisa wɔn nsɛm ansa na wɔaforo wimhyɛn—sɛnea wɔhwehwɛ sɛnea wofi mu—no betumi asiw ebinom a wɔyare anaasɛ wonyaa mmoawa bi no kwan sɛ wobetu kwan.Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ wimhyɛn a wɔde hyɛn mu, a wɔyɛ bere a wɔadu wimhyɛn gyinabea a wɔrekɔ no, betumi ayɛ hokwan a wɔde bɛboaboa nkitahodi ho nsɛm ano a mfaso wɔ so sɛ ɛbɛdaa adi sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi trɛwee ampa bere a wimhyɛn retu kwan na wɔama akwantufo akwankyerɛ wɔ nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ sɛ wɔyare a.
Dapɛn yi ara mu no, U.S. Ɔmampanyin Abadiakyiri Mike Pence a odi anim wɔ coronavirus ho mmuaema mu no hyɛɛ bɔ sɛ '100% nhwehwɛmu' wɔ wimhyɛn a efi Italy ne South Korea kɔ Amerika tẽẽ mu.China a ɛbɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnipa foforo 143 pɛ na wɔanya yare no nnansa yi no 'bɛyɛ biako wɔ amanaman ntam de ne mpɔtam a ɛfa ho a ɔyaredɔm rehu amane no ayɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so fi mu ne wɔn a wɔbɛkɔ mu no ho,' Liu Haitao, ɔpanyin bi a ɔwɔ China Ɔman Atubrafo Dwumadibea no kae wɔ March 1 nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔfo nhyiam ase wɔ Beijing, sɛnea ɔman no dwumadibea CCTV kyerɛ no.
COVID-19 nnipa dodow a wɔahu wɔn wɔ wiase nyinaa de besi nnɛ no mu nna hɔ.The New Zealand Herald bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wɔasiw New Zealandni biako kwan sɛ ɔnforo wimhyɛn a wɔde retu afi Wuhan, China, bere a wantumi anyɛ akwahosan ho nhwehwɛmu no.United States fii ase hwehwɛɛ U.S. ɔman mma, wɔn a wɔte hɔ daa, ne wɔn mmusua a wɔakɔ China wɔ nnafua 14 a atwam no mu wɔ wimhyɛn gyinabea ahorow 11 mu wɔ February 2.(Obiara foforo biara a wakɔ China wɔ saa bere no mu no ntumi nkɔ ɔman no mu.) Eduu February 23 no, na wɔayɛ wimhyɛn akwantufo 46,016 mu nhwehwɛmu;biako pɛ na wohuu sɛ ɔwɔ bi na wɔayi no afi afoforo ho sɛ wɔrekɔsa no yare, sɛnea amanneɛbɔ bi a efi February 24 a efi U.S. Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Nyarewa So (CDC) kyerɛ no.Ɛda adi pefee sɛ ɛno ntumi nsiw mmoawa no trɛw ano wɔ United States, a ɛde besi anɔpa yi, nnipa 99 na wɔagye atom sɛ wɔanya bi, sɛnea CDC kyerɛ no, ne nnipa foforo 49 wɔ nnipa a wɔasan afi Wuhan ne Diamond Princess hyɛn a wɔde tu kwan a ɛwɔ Yokohama, Japan no mu.
Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a nnipa a wɔanya ɔyare no betumi afa asau no mu.Thermal scanners ne nsaano thermometers nyɛ pɛ.Sintɔ kɛse ne sɛ wɔsusuw honam ani hyew, a ebetumi akɔ soro anaasɛ ɛba fam sen nipadua mu hyew titiriw, a ɛyɛ metric titiriw ma atiridiinini.Sɛnea EU Akwahosan Dwumadibea no kyerɛ no, mfiri no ma wonya atoro a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ papa ne atoro a ɛnyɛ papa nso.(Akwantufo a wɔde scanner ahyɛ wɔn frankaa sɛ wɔn ho ayɛ wɔn hyew no taa fa nhwehwɛmu a ɛto so abien a wɔde ano, aso, anaa abasa mu ɔhyew kyerɛwtohɔ di dwuma de si onipa no hyew so dua.)
Akwantufo nso betumi anom nnuru a wɔde siw atiridii ano anaasɛ wɔadi atoro afa wɔn yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne baabi a wɔakɔ ho.Nea ɛho hia sen biara no, wɔtaa hwere nnipa a wɔanya ɔyare no a wɔda so ara wɔ wɔn awotwaa mu—a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wonni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara.COVID-19 deɛ, saa berɛ no tumi yɛ nnafua 2 kɔsi 14.
Nhwɛso biako a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wimhyɛn gyinabea mu nhwehwɛmu dii nkogu wɔ China nkyɛe bere a Chinafo a wɔyɛ ɔman mma baawɔtwe, a wɔn nyinaa yɛ adwumayɛfo wɔ adidibea bi a ɛwɔ Bergamo, Italy, duu Shanghai Pudong Amanaman Ntam Wimhyɛn Gyinabea wɔ February 27 ne 29, sɛnea nsɛm a wɔaboaboa ano afi nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛwɔ... mpɔtam hɔ nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ ne amanneɛbɔ ntiantiaa a Health & Family Planning Committee of Lishui, kurow bi a ɛwɔ Zhejiang mantam mu, a ɛne Shanghai hye so no de mae.
Pudong anya nhyehyɛe bi sɛ wɔde 'noncontact thermal imaging' bɛhwɛ akwantufo a wɔreba nyinaa sɛ atiridii wɔ ho fi January awiei;ɛhwehwɛ nso sɛ akwantufo bɔ wɔn akwahosan ho amanneɛ bere a wɔadu hɔ no.Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi sɛ ebia adidibea adwumayɛfo baawɔtwe no mu biara nyaa yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, anaa sɛnea wodii saa amanneɛbɔ no ho dwuma.Nanso bere a wɔde kar a wɔagye akɔ Lishui, wɔn kurom akyi no, akwantufo no mu biako yaree;ɔyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu hui sɛ ɔwɔ SARS-CoV-2, mmoawa a ɛde COVID-19 ba, wɔ March 1.Ade kyee no, baason a wɔaka no nso yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu hui sɛ wɔanya bi.Wɔn na wodii kan nyaa ɔyare no wɔ Zhejiang mantam mu wɔ dapɛn 1 mu.
Awiei koraa no, nneɛma a wɔde asi wɔn ani so sɛ wɔbɛkyere ɔyare mmoawa wɔ akwantufo mu no bɛma mpɔtam hɔ ɔyaredɔm bi akyɛ kɛkɛ na ɛrensiw ano.
Osuahu a atwam nso mma obi nnya ahotoso kɛse.Wɔ afe 2019 nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe wɔ International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health mu no, nhwehwɛmufo hwehwɛɛ nyansahu mu nkrataa 114 ne amanneɛbɔ ahorow a ɛfa nyarewa a wɔde yare mmoawa a wɔde yare mmoawa ba mu nhwehwɛmu ho a wɔatintim wɔ mfe 15 a atwam no mu.Nsɛm dodow no ara fa Ebola, ɔyare mmoawa a emu yɛ den a bere a wɔde hyɛ mu no yɛ nnafua 2 kosi adapɛn 3 ho.Wɔ August 2014 ne January 2016 ntam no, nhwehwɛmu no hui sɛ, wɔanhu Ebola bi mpo wɔ akwantufo 300,000 a wɔhwehwɛɛ wɔn mu ansa na wɔreforo wimhyɛn wɔ Guinea, Liberia, ne Sierra Leone, a na wɔn nyinaa wɔ Ebola ɔyaredɔm akɛse no mu.Nanso akwantufo baanan a wɔanya ɔyare no no hwee ase faa exit screening mu efisɛ na wonnya nnyaa sɛnkyerɛnne biara.
Nanso, krataa a Christos Hadjichristodoulou ne Varvara Mouchtouri a wɔwɔ Thessaly Sukuupɔn mu ne ne mfɛfo kyerɛwee no kae sɛ, ebia nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ akwan a wɔfa so fi mu no aboa ma wɔadi akwantu anohyeto a emu yɛ den kɛse ho dwuma denam kyerɛ a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔreyɛ nneɛma bi de abɔ aman a ennyaa nkɛntɛnso no ho ban no so.Ebia nim a na wonim sɛ anka wobehyia nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ sɛnea wobefi mu no nso amma nnipa binom a wɔanya Ebola no asiw wɔn kwan sɛ wɔbɛbɔ mmɔden mpo sɛ wobetu kwan.
Na screening a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ akwantu no awiei foforo nso ɛ?Taiwan, Singapore, Australia, ne Canada nyinaa de entry screening a ɛfa severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) a ɛte sɛ COVID-19 na ɛnam coronavirus nso de ba no dii dwuma, wɔ afe 2002–03 ɔyaredɔm no mu;obiara antumi ansiw ayarefo biara kwan.Nanso, bere a wofii ase yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu no, na wɔatumi asiw ɔyaredɔm no ano kɛse, na ɛkaa akyiri dodo sɛ wobesiw SARS a wɔde bɛba no ano: Aman anaa amantam anan no nyinaa anya bi dedaw.Wɔ afe 2014–16 Ebola ɔyaredɔm no mu no, aman anum bisaa akwantufoɔ a wɔreba no nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ ne sɛdeɛ ɛbɛtumi akɔ ayarefoɔ nkyɛn na wɔhwɛɛ sɛ wɔwɔ atiridiinini anaa.Wɔanhu asɛm biako mpo.Nanso akwantufo baanu a wɔanya ɔyare no a wonni sɛnkyerɛnne biara no hwee ase faa nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ sɛnea wɔkɔɔ mu no mu, biako wɔ United States na biako wɔ United Kingdom.
China ne Japan yɛɛ nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛtrɛw a wɔde hwehwɛɛ nnipa a wɔkɔɔ mu wɔ H1N1 influensa ɔyaredɔm a ɛbaa afe 2009 mu no mu, nanso nhwehwɛmu ahorow no daa no adi sɛ nhwehwɛmu no kyeree wɔn a wɔanya mmoawa no ankasa no mu kakraa bi na aman abien no nyinaa nyaa ɔyare mmoawa a ɛho hia wɔ ɔkwan biara so, sɛnea kuw no bɔ amanneɛ wɔ wɔn nhwehwɛmu no mu.Hadjichristodoulou ne Mouchtouri ka kyerɛ Science.Awiei koraa no, akwantufo a wɔwɔ nyarewa a emu yɛ den a wɔde yare mmoawa ba no ba ayaresabea, ayaresabea, ne nnuruyɛfo adwumayɛbea mmom sen sɛ wɔbɛkyere wɔn wɔ wimhyɛn gyinabea ahorow.Na nhwehwɛmu yɛ nea ɛho ka yɛ den: Canada sɛee dɔla ɔpepem 5.7 wɔ ne SARS mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe no ho, na Australia sɛee dɔla 50,000 wɔ H1N1 biara a wohuu no mu wɔ afe 2009 mu, Hadjichristodoulou ne Mouchtouri ka.
Ɛsono sɛnea ɔyare biara a ɛde ɔyare ba no yɛ n’ade, nanso nnipa baanu yi nhwɛ kwan sɛ wimhyɛn gyinabea nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ de ahu COVID-19 no bɛyɛ nea etu mpɔn sen SARS anaa atiridiinini a ɛtrɛw.Na ɛnyɛ nea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ ebenya nkɛntɛnso kɛse wɔ sɛnea ɔyare no bɛkɔ so no so, Cowling ka.
Nnansa yi nhwehwɛmu abien a wɔayɛ wɔ nhwɛsode ho no gye nhwehwɛmu nso ho kyim.Nhwehwɛmufoɔ a wɔwɔ European Center for Disease Prevention and Control de baa awieeɛ sɛ bɛyɛ 75% akwantufoɔ a wɔanya COVID-19 na wɔretu kwan afiri China nkuropɔn a ɛka wɔn no mu no, wɔremfa nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ wɔn a wɔbɛkɔ mu no so nhunu.Nhwehwɛmu bi a kuw bi a wɔwɔ London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine yɛe no de baa awiei sɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ sɛnea wofi mu ne wɔn a wɔhyɛn mu no 'ɛnyɛ nea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ wobesiw akwantufo a wɔanya ɔyare no kwan a wɔbɛfa so akɔ aman foforo anaa mmeae a ebia wobegu mpɔtam hɔ yare no ano.'
Wɔ aman a ne nyinaa akyi no, wogye nhwehwɛmu tom fam no, Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no si so dua sɛ ɛnyɛ asɛm a ɛfa tuo a wɔde kyerɛ sɛnea ɔhyew te ho a wɔbɛkɔ so ara kwa ho.Ɛsɛ sɛ wofi ase hwehwɛ sɛnea wobefi mu no denam ɔhyew ne yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a wɔbɛhwehwɛ mu ne akwantufo a wobisabisa wɔn nsɛm so sɛ ebia wobetumi de wɔn ho ahyɛ nnipa a asiane kɛse wom a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu no so.Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma akwantufo a wɔwɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu foforo, na wɔde wɔn a wɔagye atom sɛ wɔanya bi no kɔ baabi a wɔatew wɔn ho na wɔsa wɔn yare.
Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ ɔyarefo no mu no ka baabi a ɔyarefo no wɔ ho nsɛm a wɔboaboa ano wɔ adapɛn kakraa a atwam no mu a akyiri yi ebetumi aboa ma wɔahwehwɛ wɔn a wɔne no di nkitaho no ho.Nyarewa ho ɔbenfo Benjamin Anderson a ɔwɔ Duke Kunshan Sukuupɔn mu ka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma akwantufo nso nsɛm na ama wɔahu nyarewa no kɛse na wɔhyɛ wɔn nkuran sɛ wɔnyɛ wɔn ankasa ahotew pa.
2020 Amerika Fekuw a Ɛhwɛ Nyansahu Nkɔso So.Hokwan nyinaa wɔ hɔ.AAAS yɛ HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef ne COUNTER yɔnko.
