Ke nānā nei kahi luna lapaʻau i kahi kaʻa no nā hōʻailona o ke kuni ma ke kahua hōʻea o Sultan Iskandar Muda International Airport ma Aceh Besar, Indonesia, i ka lā 27 Ianuali.
Inā ua huakaʻi ʻoe ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa i nā mahina ʻelua i hala iho nei, ua hālāwai paha ʻoe iā lākou: nā luna olakino e kuhikuhi pōkole ana i kahi pū thermometer ma kou lae a i ʻole ke nānā ʻana i kou hele ʻana e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻū a paʻakikī paha ka hanu. Ke nānā nei nā ʻāina he nui i ka hōʻea ʻana a me ka haʻalele ʻana i nā kaʻa mokulele e loaʻa paha i ka maʻi maʻi COVID-19; koi kekahi i nā mea kaʻa e hoʻopiha i nā ʻōlelo hoʻolaha olakino. (Hoʻopaʻa wale a hoʻokaʻawale paha kekahi i ka poʻe i hele mai nei i nā wahi wela.)
He mea hōʻoluʻolu paha ka nānā ʻana i waho a me ke komo ʻana, akā ʻo ka ʻike me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana he mea paʻakikī loa i nā mea nānā ke ʻike i nā poʻe hele maʻi. ʻO ka pule i hala iho nei, ʻewalu mau kaʻa i hōʻike i ka maikaʻi no COVID-19 i hōʻea mai i Shanghai mai Italia a hala i nā mea hoʻokele mokulele me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia, no ka laʻana. A inā ʻike nā mea nānā i ka hihia i kekahi manawa, aneane ʻaʻohe hopena i ke ala o kahi maʻi maʻi.
'ʻO ka hope loa, ʻo nā hana e pili ana i ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi i nā huakaʻi e hoʻopaneʻe wale i kahi maʻi maʻi kūloko a ʻaʻole e pale aku,' wahi a Ben Cowling, he epidemiologist ma ke Kulanui o Hong Kong. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ua hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ka screening e hōʻike i ke aupuni e hana nei, ʻoiai inā he marginal ka hopena.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻōlelo ka poʻe noiʻi, hiki ke loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi. ʻO ka loiloi ʻana a me ka nīnau ʻana i nā mea hele ma mua o ko lākou kau ʻana i nā mokulele - ka nānā ʻana i waho - hiki ke pale i kekahi poʻe maʻi a i ʻike ʻia i ka maʻi mai ka huakaʻi. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana, i hana ʻia ma ka hōʻea ʻana i ke kahua mokulele e hele ai, hiki ke lilo i manawa kūpono e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike pili pono inā ʻike ʻia ua laha ka maʻi i ka wā o ka lele a hāʻawi i nā alakaʻi huakaʻi i ka mea e hana ai inā maʻi lākou.
I kēia pule wale nō, ua hoʻohiki ʻo Pelekikena Pelekikena Mike Pence, ka mea e alakaʻi nei i ka pane coronavirus, '100% screening' ma nā mokulele pololei mai Italia a me South Korea i United States. ʻO Kina, ka mea i hōʻike i 143 mau hihia hou i nehinei, 'e hui pū me ka honua e hoʻokumu i ka puka ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana me nā wahi kūpono e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi maʻi,' wahi a Liu Haitao, he luna o ka National Immigration Administration o Kina, i ka hālāwai kūkā ma ka lā 1 Malaki ma Beijing, e like me ka CCTV.
Ehia mau hihia COVID-19 i ʻike ʻia i ka honua holoʻokoʻa i kēia manawa ʻaʻole maopopo. Ma ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi kanaka New Zealand i pale ʻia mai ka holo ʻana i kahi mokulele hoʻokuʻu mai Wuhan, Kina, ma hope o ka pau ʻole o ka nānā olakino, ua hōʻike ʻo The New Zealand Herald. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ʻAmelika i ka nānā ʻana i nā kamaʻāina US, nā kamaʻāina mau, a me ko lākou ʻohana i noho ma Kina i loko o nā lā 14 i hala ma 11 mau mokulele i ka lā 2 Pepeluali. (ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe i Kina i loko o ia manawa ke komo i ka ʻāina.) Ma ka lā 23 Pepeluali, 46,016 mau huakaʻi huakaʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia; hoʻokahi wale nō i hoʻāʻo maikaʻi a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no ka mālama ʻana, e like me ka hōʻike 24 Pepeluali mai ka US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). ʻAʻole ia i hoʻōki i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi i kēia kakahiaka ua hōʻoia ʻia he 99 mau hihia, e like me ka CDC, a me 49 hou aku ma waena o ka poʻe i hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai Wuhan a me ka moku holo moku ʻo Diamond Princess ma Yokohama, Iapana.
Nui nā ala e hiki ai i ka poʻe maʻi ke paheʻe ma ka ʻupena. ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā mea nānā wela a me nā thermometer lima lima. ʻO ka hemahema nui loa, ʻo ia ke ana ʻana i ka mahana o ka ʻili, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha ma mua o ka wela o ke kino, ʻo ka metric kī no nā fevers. Hoʻopuka nā mea hana i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole a me nā mea maikaʻi ʻole, e like me ka EU Health Program. (Maʻamau ka hele ʻana o ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i ke kuni e nā scanners ma kahi hōʻike kiʻekiʻe kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā thermometer waha, pepeiao, a i ʻole ʻāʻī e hōʻoia i ka wela o ke kanaka.)
Hiki i nā poʻe hele ke lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau pale kuni a i ʻole ka wahaheʻe e pili ana i ko lākou mau hōʻailona a me ko lākou wahi i hele ai. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ka poʻe i maʻi i loko o ko lākou wā incubation - ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona. No COVID-19, hiki i kēlā manawa ma waena o 2 a 14 mau lā.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka nānā ʻana i ke kahua mokulele i hoʻokani ʻia ma Kina ma hope o ʻewalu mau kamaʻāina Kina, nā limahana a pau ma kahi hale ʻaina ma Bergamo, Italia, i hōʻea i Shanghai Pudong International Airport ma 27 a me 29 Pepeluali, e like me ka ʻike i hui pū ʻia mai nā kikoʻī i ka nūhou kūloko a me nā hoʻolaha pōkole e ke Kōmike Hoʻolālā Ola & ʻohana o Lishui, kahi kūlanakauhale ma ka moku ʻo Zhejiang, e pili ana iā Shanghai.
He kulekele ko Pudong e nānā i ka poʻe kaʻa a pau e hōʻea mai ana no ke kuni me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 'noncontact thermal imaging' mai ka hopena o Ianuali; pono no hoi i na ohua e hoike i ko lakou kulana ola kino ma ka hiki ana mai. ʻAʻole maopopo inā loaʻa kekahi o nā limahana hale ʻaina ʻewalu i nā hōʻailona, a pehea lākou i mālama ai i kēlā hōʻike. Akā, ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā kaʻa hoʻolimalima i Lishui, ko lākou kūlanakauhale hānau, ua maʻi kekahi o nā mea holo; Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia i ka maikaʻi no SARS-CoV-2, ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka COVID-19, ma ka lā 1 Malaki. I ka lā aʻe, ua hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā koena ʻehiku. ʻO lākou nā hihia mua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka moku ʻo Zhejiang i 1 pule.
ʻO ka hopena hope loa e pili ana i ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi i nā huakaʻi e hoʻopaneʻe wale i kahi maʻi maʻi kūloko a ʻaʻole e pale.
ʻAʻole hoʻokomo ka ʻike i hala i ka hilinaʻi nui. Ma kahi loiloi 2019 i ka International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ua nānā ka poʻe noiʻi i nā pepa ʻepekema 114 a me nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i nā maʻi infectious i paʻi ʻia i nā makahiki he 15 i hala. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻikepili e pili ana i ka Ebola, kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi nona ka manawa incubation ma nā wahi āpau ma waena o 2 lā a me 3 pule. Ma waena o ʻAukake 2014 a me Ianuali 2016, ua ʻike ʻia ka loiloi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kahi maʻi Ebola ma waena o 300,000 mau mea kaʻa i nānā ʻia ma mua o ka holo ʻana i nā mokulele ma Guinea, Liberia, a me Sierra Leone, i loaʻa nā maʻi maʻi Ebola nui. Akā ʻehā mau poʻe kaʻa maʻi i hele i ka nānā ʻana no ka mea ʻaʻohe o lākou mau hōʻailona.
Eia nō naʻe, ua kōkua paha ka nānā ʻana i waho i nā palena o ka huakaʻi draconian ma ka hōʻike ʻana e hana ʻia ana nā hana e pale aku ai i nā ʻāina i hoʻopilikia ʻole ʻia, wahi a ka pepa, i kākau ʻia e Christos Hadjichristodoulou a me Varvara Mouchtouri o ke Kulanui o Thessaly a me nā hoa hana. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana e loaʻa ana lākou i ka nānā ʻana i waho e hoʻohiolo paha i kekahi poʻe i ʻike ʻia i ka Ebola mai ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e huakaʻi.
Pehea e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka huakaʻi? Ua hoʻokō ʻo Taiwan, Singapore, Australia, a me Kanada i ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana no ka maʻi hanu maʻi ʻehaʻeha (SARS), ka mea like me COVID-19 a i hoʻokumu ʻia hoʻi e kahi coronavirus, i ka wā o ka 2002-03 outbreak; ʻaʻohe mea i hoʻopaʻa i nā maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ua paʻa ka laha i ka manawa i hoʻomaka ʻia ai ka nānā ʻana, a ua lohi loa ia e pale ai i ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o SARS: Ua loaʻa i nā ʻāina ʻehā a i ʻole nā ʻāina nā hihia. I ka makahiki 2014-16 Ebola, ua nīnau nā ʻāina ʻelima i ka poʻe huakaʻi hele mai e pili ana i nā hōʻailona a me ka hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā maʻi a nānā i ke kuni. ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā lākou kekahi hihia. Akā ʻelua mau maʻi maʻi asymptomatic i hele i ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana, hoʻokahi ma United States a hoʻokahi ma United Kingdom.
Ua kau ʻo Kina a me Iapana i nā papahana hoʻopaʻa komo i ka wā o ka maʻi maʻi H1N1 influenza o 2009, akā ua ʻike nā haʻawina ua hopu nā screenings i nā hapa liʻiliʻi o ka poʻe i loaʻa maoli i ka maʻi maʻi a ua loaʻa i nā ʻāina ʻelua nā maʻi maʻi nui, e hōʻike ana ka hui i kāna loiloi. ʻAʻole kūpono ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā huakaʻi hele maʻi, haʻi ʻo Hadjichristodoulou lāua ʻo Mouchtouri iā Science. I ka hopena, huli ka poʻe huakaʻi me nā maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi i nā halemai, nā keʻena lapaʻau, a me nā keʻena o nā kauka ma mua o ka hopu ʻia ʻana ma nā mokulele. A he kumu kūʻai ka nānā ʻana: Ua hoʻolilo ʻo Canada i kahi $ 5.7 miliona ma kāna hōʻike ʻana i ka SARS, a ua lilo ʻo Australia i $ 50,000 no kēlā me kēia hihia H1N1 i ʻike ʻia ma 2009, wahi a Hadjichristodoulou a me Mouchtouri.
He ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia maʻi maʻi, akā ʻaʻole manaʻo ka duo e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana i ke kahua mokulele no COVID-19 ma mua o ka SARS a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi maʻi. A ʻaʻole paha he hopena koʻikoʻi i ke ʻano o ka laha, wahi a Cowling.
ʻElua mau noiʻi hoʻohālike hou e kāhea ana i ka screening i ka nīnau pū kekahi. Ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe noiʻi ma ka European Center for Disease Prevention and Control ma kahi o 75% o nā poʻe kaʻa i loaʻa i ka COVID-19 a me ka huakaʻi mai nā kūlanakauhale Kina i hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia e ka nānā ʻana. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia kahi noiʻi a kahi hui ma London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine i ka puka ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana 'ʻaʻole paha e pale i ka hele ʻana o nā huakaʻi hele i nā ʻāina hou a i ʻole nā wahi kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke kanu i ka hoʻoili kūloko.'
No nā ʻāina i hoʻopaʻa naʻe i ka screening, ua ʻōlelo ka World Health Organization ʻaʻole ia he mea e paʻa wale i kahi pū thermometer. Pono e hoʻomaka ka nānā ʻana i waho me ka nānā ʻana i ka wela a me nā hōʻailona a me nā nīnauele o nā poʻe kaʻa no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pilina pili kiʻekiʻe. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā huakaʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi hou a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, a pono e neʻe ʻia nā hihia i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a mālama ʻia.
Pono e hui pū ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i kahi o ka mea maʻi i nā pule i hala aku nei e hiki ke kōkua ma hope i ka ʻimi ʻana i kā lākou mau pilina. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻike i ka poʻe huakaʻi e hoʻonui i ka ʻike maʻi a paipai ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino, wahi a ka maʻi maʻi ʻo Benjamin Anderson o ke Kulanui ʻo Duke Kunshan.
2020 ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka holomua o ka ʻepekema. Ua mālama ʻia nā kuleana āpau. ʻO AAAS he hoa pili o HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef a me COUNTER.
