Omusawo asika omusaabaze ng’afuna obubonero bw’omusujja ku kifo awatuukira abantu ku kisaawe ky’ennyonyi ekya Sultan Iskandar Muda International Airport e Aceh Besar mu Indonesia nga 27 January.
Bw’oba otambudde mu nsi yonna emyezi 2 egiyise, oyinza okuba ng’obasanga: Abaserikale b’ebyobulamu mu bufunze nga basonga emmundu ekuba ebbugumu mu kyenyi oba ng’olaba ng’ogenda okukebera obubonero bw’okusesema oba okukaluubirirwa okussa. Amawanga mangi kati galaba abasaabaze b’ennyonyi abatuuka n’okusimbula abayinza okulwala obulwadde bwa Viral Disease Covid-19; Abamu beetaaga abasaabaze okujjuza ebirangiriro by’ebyobulamu. .
Okukebera okufuluma n’okuyingira kuyinza okulabika ng’okugumya, naye obumanyirivu ku ndwadde endala bulaga nti tekitera kubaawo nnyo abakebera okuzuula abasaabaze abalina akawuka. Wiiki ewedde yokka, abasaabaze munaana oluvannyuma abaakeberebwa ne bazuulibwamu Covid-19 baatuuse mu kibuga Shanghai okuva e Yitale ne bayisa abakebera ekisaawe ky’ennyonyi nga tebamanyiddwa, okugeza. Era ne bwe kiba nti abakebera bazuula ensonga y’oluusi n’oluusi, kumpi tekirina kye kikola ku nkola y’okubutuka.
. Ye n’abalala bagamba nti okukebera kutera okuteekebwawo okulaga nti gavumenti ekola, ne bwe kiba nti okukosebwa ku mabbali.
Wadde kiri kityo, abanoonyereza bagamba nti, wayinza okubaawo emigaso. Okukebera n’okubuuza abasaabaze nga tebannalinnya nnyonyi —okufuluma —kiyinza okulemesa abamu abalwadde oba abakwatibwa akawuka okutambula. Okukebera okuyingira, nga kukolebwa nga tutuuse ku kisaawe ky’ennyonyi, kuyinza okuba omukisa okukung’aanya ebikwata ku bantu b’oyinza okukwatagana nabo eky’omugaso singa kizuulibwa nti yinfekisoni yasaasaana mu kiseera ky’ennyonyi n’okuwa abatambuze obulagirizi ku ky’okukola singa balwala.
Wiiki eno yokka, omumyuka wa Pulezidenti wa Amerika, Mike Pence, akulembeddemu okuddamu kwa Coronavirus, yeeyamye '100% Screening' ku nnyonyi ezigenda butereevu okuva e Yitale ne South Korea okutuuka mu Amerika. China, eyategeezezza nti emisango emipya 143 gyokka eggulo, 'egenda kukolagana mu nsi yonna okutandikawo okukebera okufuluma n'okuyingira n'ebitundu ebikwatagana ebibonaabona n'obulwadde,' Liu Haitao, omukungu mu China's National Immigration Administration, bwe yategeezezza mu lukung'aana lwa bannamawulire olwa 1 March e Beijing, okusinziira ku kitongole kya gavumenti ekya CCTV.
Okukebera emisango gya COVID-19 mmeka mu nsi yonna okutuusa kati tekinnategeerekeka. Waakiri omu ow’e New Zealand yalemesebwa okulinnya ennyonyi ey’okusengula abantu okuva e Wuhan mu China oluvannyuma lw’okulemererwa okukebera ebyobulamu, New Zealand Herald bwe yategeezezza. Amerika yatandika okukebera bannansi ba Amerika, abatuuze ab’enkalakkalira, n’amaka gaabwe ababadde mu China mu nnaku 14 eziyise ku bisaawe 11 nga 2 February. . Omu yekka ye yakeberebwa n’akwatibwa obulwadde era n’awulibwa okusobola okujjanjabibwa, okusinziira ku alipoota eyafulumizibwa nga 24 February okuva mu kitongole kya Amerika ekivunaanyizibwa ku kulwanyisa endwadde n’okuziyiza endwadde (CDC). Ekyo kyeyoleka lwatu nti tekiyimirizza kusaasaana kwa kawuka kano mu Amerika, okutuuka ku makya ga leero, okusinziira ku CDC, n’abalala 49 mu bantu abakomezebwawo okuva mu Wuhan ne Diamond Princess Cruise Ship e Yokohama, Japan.
Waliwo engeri nnyingi abantu abalina akawuka gye bayinza okuseerera mu katimba. Scanners ez’ebbugumu n’ebipima ebbugumu eby’omu ngalo tebituukiridde. Ekisinga obutono kwe kuba nti zipima ebbugumu ly’olususu, eriyinza okuba waggulu oba wansi okusinga ebbugumu ly’omubiri ery’omutwe, ekipimo ekikulu eky’omusujja. Ebyuma bino bivaamu ebirungi eby’obulimba nga kw’otadde n’eby’obulimba okusinziira ku nteekateeka ya EU ey’ebyobulamu. .
Abasaabaze era basobola okumira eddagala eriziyiza omusujja oba okulimba ku bubonero bwabwe ne gye bubadde. Ekisinga obukulu, abantu abalina akawuka nga bakyali mu mutendera gwabwe ogw’okufumbiza —ekitegeeza nti tebalina bubonero —batera okusubwa. Ku Covid-19, ekiseera ekyo kiyinza okuba wonna wakati w’ennaku 2 ne 14.
Ekyokulabirako ekimu eky’ekitalo eky’okulemererwa kw’okusunsulwa kw’ekisaawe ky’ennyonyi ekyaakazannyibwa mu China oluvannyuma lwa bannansi ba China munaana, abakozi bonna mu dduuka ly’emmere mu kibuga Bergamo ekya Yitale, okutuuka ku kisaawe ky’ennyonyi e Shanghai Pudong nga 27 ne 29 February, okusinziira ku mawulire agaateekebwa wamu okuva mu bintu ebikwata ku mikutu gy’amawulire egy’omu kitundu n’okulangirira eby’oku ttaka akakiiko k’ebyobulamu n’amaka aka shinghai.
Pudong ebadde n'enkola y'okusika abasaabaze bonna abatuuka ku musujja nga bakozesa 'obutakwatagana mu bifaananyi eby'ebbugumu' okuva ku nkomerero ya January; Era kyetaagisa abasaabaze okuloopa embeera y’obulamu bwabwe nga batuuse. Tekinnamanyika oba waliwo ku bakozi omunaana mu dduuka ly’emmere yalina obubonero, oba engeri gye baakwatamu lipoota eyo. Naye oluvannyuma lw’okutwala mmotoka ezipangisiddwa e Lishui, ekibuga kyabwe, omu ku basaabaze yalwala; Yakeberebwa n’azuulibwamu obulwadde bwa SARS-COV-2, akawuka akaleeta COVID-19, nga 1 March. Enkeera, omusanvu ogusigaddewo ne gukeberebwa nga bwe guli. Bano be basoose okukakasibwa mu ssaza ly’e Zhejiang mu wiiki 1.
Mu nkomerero ebikolwa ebigendereddwamu okukwata yinfekisoni mu batambuze bijja kulwaza ssennyiga w’omu kitundu kyokka so si kubiziyiza.
Obumanyirivu obw’emabega era tebussa nnyo bwesige. Mu kwekenneenya okwakolebwa mu 2019 mu International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, abanoonyereza beetegereza empapula za ssaayansi 114 ne lipoota ku kwekebejja endwadde ezisiigibwa ezaafulumizibwa mu myaka 15 egiyise. Ebisinga obungi ku bikwata ku Ebola, obulwadde bw’akawuka obw’amaanyi nga ekiseera ky’okufumbiza biba wonna wakati w’ennaku 2 ne wiiki 3. Wakati wa August 2014 ne January 2016, okwekenneenya kuno kwazuula nti, tewali n’emu ku basaabaze 300,000 abaakeberebwa nga tebannaba kulinnya nnyonyi mu Guinea, Liberia, ne Sierra Leone, nga zonna zaali zirina ekirwadde kya Ebola ekinene. Wabula abasaabaze bana abaali bafunye obulwadde buno baaseerera nga bayita mu kukebera okufuluma kubanga tebannafuna bubonero.
Wadde kiri kityo, okukebera okufuluma kuyinza okuba nga kwayamba okusitula obukwakkulizo obusingawo ku ntambula mu ngeri ey’obukambwe nga balaga nti waliwo ebigenda okukolebwa okukuuma amawanga agatakosebwa, olupapula luno olwawandiikiddwa Christos Hadjichristodoulou ne Varvara Mouchtouri olwa Yunivasite y’e Thessaly ne banne. Okumanya nti bandisisinkanye okufuluma mu kufuluma nakyo kiyinza okuba nga kyalemesa abantu abamu abaali bafunye Ebola n’okugezaako okutambula.
Ate okukebera ku nkomerero endala ey’olugendo? Taiwan, Singapore, Australia, ne Canada byonna byassa mu nkola okukebera okuyingira mu nkola okuzuula obulwadde bwa Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), obufaananako ne COVID-19 era nga buva ku bulwadde bwa coronavirus, mu kiseera ky’okubutuka kwa 2002–03; Tewali yakwata balwadde bonna. Wabula ekirwadde kino okusinga kyali kitandikiddwawo okukeberebwa, era kyajja kikeerezi okutangira okuyingiza SARS: amawanga oba ebitundu byonna ebina byali byalina dda emisango. Mu kiseera kya 2014–16 Ebola ekirwadde, amawanga ataano gaasabye abatambuze abayingira ku bubonero n’okusobola okukwatibwa abalwadde ne bakebera oba nga bakebeddwa. Nabo tebaasangamu n’emu. Wabula abasaabaze babiri abaali bafunye obulwadde buno nga tebalina bubonero baaseerera nga bayita mu kukebera okuyingira, ekimu mu Amerika ate ekirala mu Bungereza.
China ne Japan zaateekawo enteekateeka ennene ez’okukebera okuyingira mu kiseera kya ssennyiga wa H1N1 mu 2009, kyokka okunoonyereza kwazuula nti okukebera kwakwata obutundutundu obutonotono obw’abo abakwatibwa akawuka kano mu butuufu era amawanga gombi gaali n’obulwadde obw’amaanyi mu ngeri yonna, ttiimu bwe yategeezezza mu kwekenneenya kwayo. Okukebera okuyingira kuli 'Ineffective' mu kuzuula abatambuze abalina akawuka, Hadjichristodoulou ne Mouchtouri bategeeza ssaayansi. Ku nkomerero, abatambuze abalina endwadde ez’amaanyi ezisiigibwa bavaayo mu malwaliro, mu malwaliro, ne mu ofiisi z’abasawo okusinga okukwatibwa ku bisaawe by’ennyonyi. Era okwekebejjebwa kwa ssente nnyingi: Canada yasaasaanya obukadde bwa ddoola obubalirirwamu 5.7 ku kukebera kwa SARS, era Australia yasaasaanya ddoola 50,000 buli musango gwa H1N1 ogwazuulibwa mu 2009, Hadjichristolouu ne Mouchtouri bwe bagamba.
Buli bulwadde obusiigibwa beeyisa mu ngeri ya njawulo, naye ababiri bano tebasuubira kukeberebwa ku kisaawe kya COVID-19 kukola bulungi okusinga ku SARS oba ssennyiga omukambwe. Era tekisuubirwa nti kijja kubaako kinene kye kikola ku nkola y’obulwadde buno, Cowling bw’agamba.
Okunoonyereza kubiri okwakakolebwa ku modeling kuyita okukebera mu kubuusabuusa nga bwe kiri. Abanoonyereza mu kitongole kya European Center for Disease Prevention and Control baazudde nti abasaabaze nga 75% abakwatibwa COVID-19 era nga batambula okuva mu bibuga bya China ebikoseddwa tebandizuuliddwa nga bakebera okuyingira. Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa ekibiina mu London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine kwazuula nti okufuluma n'okuyingira mu kukebera 'tekisuubirwa kutangira batambuze abakwatibwa obulwadde okuyita mu nsi oba ebitundu ebipya gye bayinza okusiga obutambuzi bw'ekitundu.'
Ku nsi wadde kiri kityo okwettanira okwekebejja, ekitongole ky’ebyobulamu mu nsi yonna kiggumiza nti si nsonga ya kukwata mmundu ya bbugumu yokka. Okukebera okufuluma kulina okutandika n’okukebera ebbugumu n’obubonero n’okubuuza abasaabaze okusobola okukwatibwa abantu abali mu bulabe obw’amaanyi. Abatambuze abalina obubonero balina okuweebwa obujjanjabi obulala n’okukebera, era abakakasibwa balina okutwalibwa mu kweyawula n’okujjanjaba.
Okukebera okuyingira kulina okukwatagana n’okukung’aanya ebikwata ku mulwadde w’ali mu wiiki eziyise oluvannyuma bisobola okuyamba mu kulondoola enkolagana yaabwe. Abatembeeyi era balina okuweebwa amawulire okwongera okumanyisa abantu ku ndwadde n’okukubirizibwa okukola obuyonjo obulungi, omukugu mu by’obulwadde bwa ndwadde, Benjamin Anderson owa Duke Kunshan University bw’agamba.
2020 Ekibiina ky’Amerika ekivunaanyizibwa ku kutumbula ssaayansi. Eddembe lyonna liri mu buyinza bwaffe. AAAS ye munne wa Hinari, Agora, Oare, chorus, essaawa, Crossref ne counter.
